Students:

This is the FINAL set of Notes for the Spring semester!   The end is near, congratulations!

Your FINAL will be based on these notes, the (current) Chapter 25, and material from previously-taught chapters (17-24).

You can click on the image above or THIS LINK to download the notes.  

THERE IS ALSO A STUDY GUIDE BASED ON THESE NOTES, AVAILABLE ON-LINE HERE:

POWER POINT: CARBON, THE SHAPE OF LIFE

Students:

The first part of Unit 8 (Organic Chemistry) ends with a Unit Test on Wednesday, May 16th!

To help students prepare, please find the Power Point Notes HERE, along with a PDF of the Study Guide based on those notes HERE.

Students should also have a copy of the Organic Compounds Guide (three-hole punched) as part of their materials for Wednesday's Test.

FINAL SYLLABUS, SPRING 2018

This is the last syllabus of the year.   Unit 8 is divided up into two topics:  ORGANIC chemistry and NUCLEAR chemistry.

There will be a (non-calculation) "organic test" given in the second week.  This test must be made up before Memorial Day Weekend.  There is a comprehensive final for the spring semester in the final week.

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY VIDEOS

In Thursday's class, we talked about the difference between organic (based on carbon) and inorganic (based on some other element) molecules.   Life, of course, is based on organic molecules.

There are four major classes of carbon-based compounds used by living things:   carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

Each of these compounds is made of individual 'building blocks' called MONOMERS.   The monomers are linked together with covalent bonds to make large chains called POLYMERS, and the process of making polymers is referred to as POLYMERIZATION.

Here's a video from Bozeman Science, with animations, that gives some nice background on monomers and polymers:




Carbohydrates are carbon-based macromolecules based on C, H and O.  They are polar and readily dissolve in water.

A simple sugar by itself, like glucose, is termed a monosaccharide, and serves as a 'building block' (monomer) to build a larger chain of many molecules called a polymer. In the case of carbohydrates, the polymer made from many monosaccharides linked together by dehydration reactions is called a polysaccharide.

Examples of polysaccharides made of glucose include cellulose, glycogen and starch.   Each of these glucose polymers are biologically important. 




 Finally, here's yet another video by AP Chemistry teacher Paul Andersen, this on the class of macromolecules called PROTEINS.   



 PROTEINS often are used to build extremely useful and specific molecules called ENZYMES: